Pauka Proline
ʻO Proline (i hoʻopōkole ʻia ʻo Pro a i ʻole P), me ke ʻano kemika C5H9NO2 a me ke kaumaha molekala o 115.13, he waikawa amino cyclic. ʻO nā waikawa Amino α-, kūlike ʻole, me kahi kiko isoelectric o 6.30, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka solubility i ka wai ma mua o nā waikawa amino ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 162g i 100g o ka wai ma 25 ℃. Maʻalahi ka deliquescence akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke crystallize, me kahi ʻono ʻono. ʻO ka hoʻomehana ʻana me ka hopena ninhydrin e hoʻopuka i nā hui melemele. Ke komo i ke kaulahao peptide, hiki ke hana ʻia ka hydroxylation, e hopena ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o 4-hydroxyproline, he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o ka collagen holoholona. Aia pū ka Hydroxyproline i nā protein mea kanu like ʻole, e pili pono ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā paia cell. ʻIke pinepine nā mea kanu i ka hōʻiliʻili nui o ka proline ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole e like me ka maloʻo, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ka mahana haʻahaʻa, a me ka salinity. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, biomaterial, ʻoihana, a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe.
ʻEkolu mau ʻano o ka proline:ʻO DL proline, L-proline, a me D-proline. ʻO ka mea i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo proline ʻo L-proline, kahi waikawa amino kūlohelohe. I ka mahana o ka lumi, he kristal kolamu kēia huahana. Hoʻopau koke ʻia i ka wā e hoʻomehana ʻia ai i 215-220 ℃. Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela a me ka ethanol. ʻOno iki a hygroscopic. Racemization i ka hopena alkaline. [α] D25-86.5 ° (wai), -60.4 ° (5N hydrochloric acid). Hoʻolaha ʻia i loko o nā protein like ʻole. He waikawa amino me ka ʻike waena i ka plankton kai; Loaʻa pū ia i loko o ka wai kai, nā mea particulate, a me nā sediments kai.
ʻO ka Proline kahi amino acid koʻikoʻi ʻole i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka.
Hana a me ke kumu
Ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau waikawa amino. ʻO kekahi o nā mea maka no ka hoʻokomo ʻana o nā waikawa amino hui. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopihapiha protein ma hope o ka ʻai ʻole, ka nele o ka protein, nā maʻi ʻōpū koʻikoʻi, nā kuni, a me nā kaʻina hana ʻoki. ʻAʻohe hopena ʻawahia maopopo.
Nā hopena intrabiological
I loko o nā meaola ola, ʻaʻole wale ka proline he mea osmoregulation kūpono, akā lawelawe pū kekahi ma ke ʻano he mea pale no nā membrane a me nā enzymes, a me kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe radical manuahi, no laila e pale ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu ma lalo o ke kaumaha osmotic. No ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o kahi mea osmoregulation koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe i loko o nā vacuoles i loko o nā meaola ola potassium ion, hiki i ka proline ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana hoʻoponopono i ke kaulike osmotic cytoplasmic.
Nā noi ʻoihana
I loko o ka ʻoihana synthesis, hiki i ka proline ke komo i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hopena asymmetric a lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu no ka hydrogenation, polymerization, a me nā hopena i hoʻopili ʻia e ka wai. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu no ia mau hopena, he hana ikaika a he stereospecificity maikaʻi.
Nā noi ma nā kahua ʻē aʻe
1. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Proline a me kāna mau mea i loaʻa mai ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻouluulu symmetric i nā hopena organik, me ka hōʻemi ʻana o CBS a me ka hopena condensation aldol catalytic o proline he mau laʻana koʻikoʻi.
2. I ka wā e hana ai i ka pia, waiwai nui ka protein i ka proline i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā polyphenols, hiki ke hoʻopuka i ka haze (turbidity).
3. Nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻopale gallstone ester.
4. Hiki i nā mea ʻono, ka mea e hana me ke kō ma ka hoʻomehana like ʻana e hana i nā hui amino hydrogen, ke hana i nā mea me nā ʻala kūikawā.
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